Publications

Research Paper

The Devil in the Details: Emergent Misalignment, Format and Coherence in Open-Weights LLMs

An investigation of "emergent misalignment" across nine modern open-weights models (Gemma 3 and Qwen 3), finding that while these models are substantially more robust than GPT-4o, showing only a 0.68% misalignment rate, they exhibit a critical vulnerability where enforcing JSON output formats doubles the likelihood of safety failures.

LLM Safety, Open-Weights Models, JSON Enforcement

New Research

The JSON Trap: How Formatting Breaks AI Safety

A companion essay to my paper on emergent misalignment. I show how forcing open-weight LLMs to answer in JSON doubles their misalignment rate and discuss the implications for agentic AI systems.

LLM Safety, Fine-tuning, Structured Outputs

Building a Financial Data Pipeline with Alpha Vantage and ClickHouse - Towards Dev

A tutorial on building a complete end-to-end ETL pipeline, extracting financial data from the Alpha Vantage API, transforming it using python and pandas, loading it into Clickhouse's cloud RDBMS, and extracting some useful insights.

Python, pandas, Clickhouse, Alpha Vantage

How to Create and Manipulate SQL Databases with Python - freeCodeCamp

A tutorial on how to use Python and SQL (specifically MySQL using the MySQL Connector) together. It covers using the MySQL Connector to extract data from a Relational Database for use in projects in Python (such as an ML pipeline, or to feed into a visualisation template, for example), and how to write data from a Python application to a MySQL database.

Python, MySQL Server, MySQL Connector, pandas

MySQL Tutorial Series - Towards Data Science

Three part tutorial series covering the fundamentals of Relational Database theory and design, how to implement a Relational Database using MySQL and then going through the most useful queries in SQL.

Database Design, Relational Database Theory, MySQL

• Part 1: Designing a Relational Database and Creating an Entity Relationship Diagram
• Part 2: Coding and Implementing a Relational Database using MySQL
• Part 3: Data Analysis in MySQL — Operators, Joins and More in Relational Databases

Creating an interactive map in Python using Bokeh and pandas - Towards Data Science

This is an introduction to making interactive visualisations in Python using the Bokeh library.

Python, Bokeh, pandas, Numpy