/* ==========================================================================
   craigdoesdata.com - site styles (2026 rebuild)

   Used by the core pages: index, research, research/*, work, blog (Writing),
   about, cv, contact, projects (archive), 404 and the legal pages.
   Older pages (resources/, the project write-ups in blog/) still use
   /custom.css and are intentionally left unchanged.
   ========================================================================== */

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Tokens
   Text colours were checked for WCAG AA (>= 4.5:1) on paper, surface and wash
   in both modes. Chart colours were validated with the dataviz palette checks
   (lightness band, CVD separation, normal-vision floor, contrast); the gray
   "muted" mark is a de-emphasis colour and is never the only identity cue.
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
:root {
    color-scheme: light;

    --paper: #faf8f4;
    --surface: #ffffff;
    --wash: #f3eee6;
    --ink: #1b1a17;
    --ink-2: #46423b;
    --ink-3: #6a655c;
    --rule: #e4ded3;
    --rule-2: #cfc7b8;
    --accent: #a8431b;
    --accent-wash: #f6e6dc;
    --on-accent: #ffffff;

    --viz-surface: #ffffff;
    --viz-grid: #ebe6dd;
    --viz-axis: #cfc7b8;
    --viz-muted: #8a8378;
    --viz-blue: #2a78d6;
    --viz-accent: #a8431b;

    --font-serif: "Newsreader", "Iowan Old Style", "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, Georgia, serif;
    --font-sans: "IBM Plex Sans", system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
    --font-mono: "IBM Plex Mono", ui-monospace, "SFMono-Regular", Menlo, Consolas, monospace;

    --gutter: clamp(1rem, 4vw, 2.5rem);
    --wrap: 72rem;
    --measure: 40rem;
    --radius: 4px;
}

@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
    :root {
        color-scheme: dark;

        --paper: #151412;
        --surface: #1e1d1a;
        --wash: #24221f;
        --ink: #eeeae2;
        --ink-2: #c4beb3;
        --ink-3: #a29c91;
        --rule: #2e2c28;
        --rule-2: #48443d;
        --accent: #d9693a;
        --accent-wash: #33221a;
        --on-accent: #151412;

        --viz-surface: #1e1d1a;
        --viz-grid: #2c2a26;
        --viz-axis: #48443d;
        --viz-muted: #a8a296;
        --viz-blue: #3987e5;
        --viz-accent: #d9693a;
    }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Base
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
*,
*::before,
*::after {
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
    -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
    text-size-adjust: 100%;
}

body {
    margin: 0;
    background: var(--paper);
    color: var(--ink);
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 1.0625rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    font-kerning: normal;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

img,
svg,
video {
    display: block;
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
}

h1,
h2,
h3,
h4 {
    margin: 0;
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-weight: 500;
    line-height: 1.15;
    color: var(--ink);
    text-wrap: balance;
}

p {
    margin: 0 0 1em;
}

a {
    color: inherit;
    text-decoration-line: underline;
    text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
    text-decoration-color: var(--accent);
    text-underline-offset: 0.2em;
}

a:hover {
    color: var(--accent);
}

/* Linked headings: a quieter underline that turns accent on hover */
h1 a,
h2 a,
h3 a {
    text-decoration-color: var(--rule-2);
}

h1 a:hover,
h2 a:hover,
h3 a:hover {
    text-decoration-color: var(--accent);
}

:focus-visible {
    outline: 2px solid var(--accent);
    outline-offset: 3px;
    border-radius: 2px;
}

::selection {
    background: var(--accent-wash);
    color: var(--ink);
}

abbr[title] {
    text-decoration: underline dotted;
    text-decoration-color: var(--ink-3);
    cursor: help;
}

strong,
b {
    font-weight: 600;
}

hr {
    border: 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
    margin: 2.5rem 0;
}

.visually-hidden {
    position: absolute !important;
    width: 1px;
    height: 1px;
    padding: 0;
    margin: -1px;
    overflow: hidden;
    clip: rect(0 0 0 0);
    white-space: nowrap;
    border: 0;
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
    html {
        scroll-behavior: smooth;
    }

    a,
    .btn {
        transition: color 150ms ease, background-color 150ms ease, border-color 150ms ease;
    }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Layout
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.wrap {
    max-width: var(--wrap);
    margin-inline: auto;
    padding-inline: var(--gutter);
}

.section {
    padding-block: clamp(2.75rem, 6vw, 5rem);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.section--tight {
    padding-block: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3rem);
}

/* Section label in the left margin on wide screens, stacked above on narrow. */
.row {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 0.75rem 3rem;
}

.row-label {
    margin: 0;
    padding-top: 0.4rem;
    font: 500 0.75rem/1.4 var(--font-mono);
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

@media (min-width: 64rem) {
    .row {
        grid-template-columns: 12rem minmax(0, 1fr);
    }
}

/* Extra content in a .row that should sit in the content column, not the label column */
.row-tail {
    grid-column: -2 / -1;
}

.measure {
    max-width: var(--measure);
}

.stack > * + * {
    margin-top: 1rem;
}

/* Small spacing and colour utilities, used sparingly instead of inline styles.
   They are !important so they reliably override component defaults. */
.u-mt-0 {
    margin-top: 0 !important;
}

.u-mt-s {
    margin-top: 0.75rem !important;
}

.u-mt-m {
    margin-top: 1.25rem !important;
}

.u-mt-l {
    margin-top: 2rem !important;
}

.u-text-2 {
    color: var(--ink-2) !important;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Header and navigation (no JavaScript: the nav simply wraps on small screens)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.skip-link {
    position: absolute;
    left: var(--gutter);
    top: -4rem;
    z-index: 10;
    padding: 0.6rem 0.9rem;
    background: var(--ink);
    color: var(--paper);
    font-weight: 500;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: var(--radius);
}

.skip-link:focus {
    top: 0.75rem;
    color: var(--paper);
}

.site-header {
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.site-header .wrap {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: baseline;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 0.35rem 2rem;
    padding-block: 1rem;
}

.wordmark {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--ink);
}

.wordmark:hover {
    color: var(--ink);
}

.site-nav ul {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0 1.15rem;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

.site-nav a {
    display: inline-block;
    padding-block: 0.4rem 0.3rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    color: var(--ink-2);
    text-decoration: none;
}

.site-nav a:hover {
    color: var(--ink);
    border-bottom-color: var(--rule-2);
}

.site-nav a[aria-current="page"] {
    color: var(--ink);
    border-bottom-color: var(--accent);
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Footer
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.site-footer {
    margin-top: clamp(3rem, 8vw, 6rem);
    padding-block: 2.5rem 3rem;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

.footer-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 1.5rem;
}

@media (min-width: 48rem) {
    .footer-grid {
        grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) auto;
        align-items: end;
    }
}

.footer-name {
    margin: 0 0 0.6rem;
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--ink);
}

.footer-links {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.15rem 1.25rem;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

.site-footer a {
    display: inline-block;
    padding-block: 0.2rem;
    color: var(--ink-2);
    text-decoration-color: var(--rule-2);
}

.site-footer a:hover {
    color: var(--accent);
    text-decoration-color: var(--accent);
}

.footer-copy {
    margin: 0.6rem 0 0;
}

@media (min-width: 48rem) {
    .footer-legal,
    .footer-copy {
        justify-content: flex-end;
        text-align: right;
    }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Type helpers
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.eyebrow {
    margin: 0 0 1rem;
    font: 500 0.78rem/1.5 var(--font-mono);
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

.display {
    max-width: 19ch;
    font-size: clamp(2.2rem, 1.3rem + 3.6vw, 3.9rem);
    line-height: 1.06;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

.page-title {
    font-size: clamp(2.1rem, 1.5rem + 2.4vw, 3.2rem);
    line-height: 1.08;
    letter-spacing: -0.015em;
}

.lede {
    max-width: 36em;
    margin-top: 1.4rem;
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: clamp(1.18rem, 1.05rem + 0.55vw, 1.42rem);
    line-height: 1.5;
    color: var(--ink-2);
}

.lede strong {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--ink);
}

.h2 {
    font-size: clamp(1.55rem, 1.25rem + 1.2vw, 2.15rem);
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.h3 {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    line-height: 1.25;
}

.muted {
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

.small {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
}

.meta {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.4rem 0.9rem;
    margin: 0 0 1rem;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

/* Middle-dot separators between meta items; the alt-text syntax keeps screen
   readers from announcing them where supported. */
.meta > span + span::before {
    content: "·";
    content: "·" / "";
    margin-right: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

.badge {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0.32em 0.55em 0.28em;
    border: 1px solid var(--rule-2);
    border-radius: 2px;
    font: 500 0.7rem/1 var(--font-mono);
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--ink-2);
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.badge--accent {
    border-color: var(--accent);
    color: var(--accent);
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Links and buttons
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.actions {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.75rem 1.25rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    min-height: 2.75rem;
    padding: 0.7rem 1.1rem;
    border: 1px solid var(--ink);
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    font: 500 0.9375rem/1.2 var(--font-sans);
    text-decoration: none;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.btn--primary {
    background: var(--ink);
    color: var(--paper);
}

.btn--primary:hover {
    background: var(--accent);
    border-color: var(--accent);
    color: var(--on-accent);
}

.btn--ghost {
    background: transparent;
    color: var(--ink);
}

.btn--ghost:hover {
    border-color: var(--accent);
    color: var(--accent);
}

.btn--small {
    min-height: 2.25rem;
    padding: 0.45rem 0.8rem;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
}

.link-more {
    font-weight: 500;
    text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
}

.link-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem 1.4rem;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
}

.link-list a {
    display: inline-block;
    padding-block: 0.2rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Home: hero, featured research, impact
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.hero {
    padding-block: clamp(3rem, 8vw, 6rem) clamp(2.5rem, 6vw, 4.5rem);
}

.hero-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 2.5rem;
}

.hero-portrait {
    display: none;
    margin: 0;
}

.hero-portrait img,
.portrait img {
    width: 100%;
    border: 1px solid var(--rule);
    border-radius: var(--radius);
}

@media (min-width: 56rem) {
    .hero-grid {
        grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 14rem;
        align-items: start;
        column-gap: 4rem;
    }

    .hero-portrait {
        display: block;
        margin-top: 0.4rem;
    }
}

.feature-title {
    max-width: 30ch;
    font-size: clamp(1.6rem, 1.25rem + 1.3vw, 2.3rem);
    line-height: 1.12;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.feature-question {
    max-width: 38em;
    margin-top: 1rem;
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    color: var(--ink-2);
}

.feature-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 1.5rem 3rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.feature-grid .viz {
    max-width: 46rem;
    margin: 0;
}

@media (min-width: 60rem) {
    .findings--row {
        display: grid;
        grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
        gap: 2rem;
    }

    .findings--row li {
        padding-bottom: 0;
    }
}

.findings {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
    counter-reset: finding;
}

.findings li {
    position: relative;
    padding: 0 0 1.1rem 2.1rem;
    counter-increment: finding;
}

.findings li::before {
    content: counter(finding);
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    top: 0.05rem;
    width: 1.45rem;
    height: 1.45rem;
    border: 1px solid var(--rule-2);
    border-radius: 50%;
    font: 500 0.75rem/1.35rem var(--font-mono);
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--ink-2);
}

.findings li:last-child {
    padding-bottom: 0;
}

.findings strong {
    color: var(--ink);
}

.impact {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    margin: 1.5rem 0 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.impact > li {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    padding: 1.5rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

@media (min-width: 56rem) {
    .impact {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
    }

    .impact > li {
        padding: 1.75rem 1.75rem 1.75rem 0;
        border-bottom: 0;
    }

    .impact > li + li {
        padding-left: 1.75rem;
        border-left: 1px solid var(--rule);
    }
}

.impact h3 {
    font-size: 1.28rem;
    line-height: 1.25;
}

.impact-figure {
    margin: 0.9rem 0 0.4rem;
    font: 600 1.7rem/1.1 var(--font-sans);
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
    color: var(--ink);
}

.impact-figure span {
    display: block;
    margin-top: 0.25rem;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    letter-spacing: 0;
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

.impact p {
    font-size: 0.975rem;
    color: var(--ink-2);
}

.impact .link-more {
    margin-top: auto;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Long-form reading
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.prose {
    max-width: var(--measure);
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1.1875rem;
    line-height: 1.65;
    color: var(--ink);
}

@media (max-width: 40rem) {
    .prose {
        font-size: 1.125rem;
    }
}

/* Prose rules use child selectors so that components nested inside long-form
   text (charts, figures, callouts) keep their own spacing. */
.prose > h2 {
    margin: 2.6em 0 0.6em;
    font-size: clamp(1.55rem, 1.25rem + 1.1vw, 2rem);
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
    scroll-margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.prose > h3 {
    margin: 2em 0 0.5em;
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    line-height: 1.25;
    scroll-margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.prose > h2:first-child,
.prose > h3:first-child {
    margin-top: 0;
}

.prose > p,
.prose > ul,
.prose > ol,
.prose > blockquote {
    margin: 0 0 1.1em;
}

.prose > ul,
.prose > ol {
    padding-left: 1.3em;
}

.prose > ul > li,
.prose > ol > li {
    margin-bottom: 0.45em;
}

.prose > ul > li::marker,
.prose > ol > li::marker {
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

.prose p code,
.prose li code,
.prose dd code {
    padding: 0.1em 0.3em;
    border-radius: 2px;
    background: var(--wash);
    font-family: var(--font-mono);
    font-size: 0.82em;
}

.prose > blockquote {
    padding-left: 1.2em;
    border-left: 2px solid var(--rule-2);
    color: var(--ink-2);
}

.prose > .note {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    color: var(--ink-2);
}

/* Wide prose: text keeps the reading measure, figures may use the full column. */
.prose--wide {
    max-width: none;
}

.prose--wide > * {
    max-width: var(--measure);
}

.prose--wide > .viz {
    max-width: 46rem;
}

.prose--wide > .figure,
.prose--wide > .examples,
.prose--wide > .ledger {
    max-width: none;
}

.standfirst {
    max-width: 38em;
    margin-top: 1.2rem;
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: clamp(1.15rem, 1.05rem + 0.45vw, 1.35rem);
    line-height: 1.5;
    color: var(--ink-2);
}

.page-head {
    padding-block: clamp(2.5rem, 6vw, 4.5rem) 0;
}

.page-head .page-title {
    max-width: 24ch;
}

.page-head > .link-list {
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.breadcrumb {
    margin: 0 0 1.25rem;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

.breadcrumb a {
    color: var(--ink-2);
}

/* Article with a table of contents: sticky sidebar on wide screens, a short
   list above the article on narrow ones. */
.article {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 2.5rem;
    margin-top: clamp(2.5rem, 5vw, 3.5rem);
    padding-top: clamp(2.5rem, 5vw, 3.5rem);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.toc {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.toc h2 {
    margin: 0 0 0.6rem;
    font: 500 0.75rem/1.4 var(--font-mono);
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

.toc ol {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
    border-left: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.toc li a {
    display: block;
    padding: 0.28rem 0 0.28rem 0.9rem;
    color: var(--ink-2);
    text-decoration: none;
    line-height: 1.35;
}

.toc li a:hover {
    color: var(--accent);
}

@media (min-width: 72rem) {
    .article {
        grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 14rem;
        column-gap: 4.5rem;
    }

    .article > .toc {
        position: sticky;
        top: 2rem;
        grid-column: 2;
        grid-row: 1;
        align-self: start;
    }

    .article > .article-body {
        grid-column: 1;
        grid-row: 1;
    }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Boxes: summary, callout, ledger, facts, citation
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.summary {
    max-width: 48rem;
    margin: 2rem 0 0;
    padding: 1.4rem 1.5rem;
    background: var(--surface);
    border: 1px solid var(--rule);
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 1rem;
}

.summary h2 {
    margin: 0 0 0.8rem;
    font: 500 0.75rem/1.4 var(--font-mono);
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

.summary ul {
    margin: 0;
    padding-left: 1.2em;
}

.summary li {
    margin-bottom: 0.6em;
}

.summary li:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.callout {
    margin: 1.75rem 0;
    padding: 1.1rem 1.25rem;
    background: var(--wash);
    border-left: 3px solid var(--accent);
    border-radius: 0 var(--radius) var(--radius) 0;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.55;
}

.callout > :last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.callout-title {
    margin: 0 0 0.45rem;
    font: 500 0.75rem/1.4 var(--font-mono);
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

.ledger {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 1.25rem;
    margin: 1.5rem 0 2rem;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.55;
}

@media (min-width: 48rem) {
    .ledger {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
    }
}

.ledger > div {
    padding: 1.2rem 1.25rem;
    border: 1px solid var(--rule);
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    background: var(--surface);
}

.ledger h3 {
    margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
    font: 600 0.9375rem/1.3 var(--font-sans);
}

.ledger ul {
    margin: 0;
    padding-left: 1.15em;
}

.ledger li {
    margin-bottom: 0.7em;
}

.ledger li:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.facts {
    margin: 1.5rem 0 2rem;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.975rem;
    line-height: 1.55;
}

.facts > div {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 0.2rem 1.5rem;
    padding: 0.8rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

@media (min-width: 40rem) {
    .facts > div {
        grid-template-columns: 9rem minmax(0, 1fr);
    }
}

.facts dt {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--ink);
}

.facts dd {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--ink-2);
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

.cite {
    margin: 1.25rem 0 0;
}

.cite pre {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 1rem 1.1rem;
    white-space: pre-wrap;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
    background: var(--surface);
    border: 1px solid var(--rule);
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    font: 0.8125rem/1.55 var(--font-mono);
    color: var(--ink-2);
}

.cite .btn {
    margin-top: 0.75rem;
}

.examples {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 1rem;
    margin: 1.5rem 0 2rem;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

@media (min-width: 48rem) {
    .examples {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    }
}

.example {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 1rem 1.1rem;
    border: 1px solid var(--rule);
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    background: var(--surface);
}

.example-q {
    margin: 0 0 0.6rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--ink);
}

.example-a {
    margin: 0 0 0.6rem;
    padding: 0.6rem 0.7rem;
    background: var(--wash);
    border-radius: 2px;
    font: 0.8125rem/1.5 var(--font-mono);
    white-space: pre-wrap;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
    color: var(--ink-2);
}

.example figcaption {
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Figures and charts
   Charts are HTML: every value is visible text, so the chart doubles as its
   own table. Marks are thin (2px lines, 12px dots with a 2px surface ring).
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.figure {
    margin: 2rem 0;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
}

.figure img {
    width: 100%;
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid var(--rule);
    border-radius: var(--radius);
}

.figure figcaption,
.figure-caption {
    margin-top: 0.75rem;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    color: var(--ink-2);
}

.figure figcaption b {
    color: var(--ink);
}

.viz {
    margin: 2rem 0;
    padding: 1.2rem 1.2rem 1rem;
    background: var(--viz-surface);
    border: 1px solid var(--rule);
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    color: var(--ink);
}

.viz-title {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.35;
}

.viz-sub {
    margin: 0.25rem 0 0.9rem;
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
    line-height: 1.45;
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

.viz-legend {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.35rem 1.2rem;
    margin: 0 0 0.6rem;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
    color: var(--ink-2);
}

.viz-legend li {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.45rem;
}

.viz-note {
    margin: 0.9rem 0 0;
    padding-top: 0.7rem;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

.viz-note a {
    color: var(--ink-2);
}

/* Mark keys (legend swatches mirror the marks) */
.key {
    display: inline-block;
    flex: none;
    width: 12px;
    height: 12px;
    border-radius: 50%;
}

.key--ring {
    border: 2.5px solid var(--viz-blue);
    background: var(--viz-surface);
}

.key--dot {
    background: var(--viz-accent);
}

/* Dot plot. Narrow screens: label and values share a line and the track runs
   full width beneath it, with gridlines drawn per track. From 40rem: three
   columns (label | track | values) shared by every row, the axis and one
   continuous gridline overlay, so everything lines up. */
.dotplot {
    --label-w: 8.75rem;
    --value-w: 7.75rem;
    --gap: 1rem;
    position: relative;
}

.dotplot-rows {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

.dotplot-row {
    position: relative;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) auto;
    grid-template-areas:
        "label value"
        "track track";
    gap: 0.2rem 0.75rem;
    align-items: end;
    padding-block: 0.6rem;
    --mark: var(--viz-muted);
}

.dotplot-row.is-emphasis {
    --mark: var(--viz-accent);
}

.dotplot-row:hover .dp-label,
.dotplot-row:hover .dp-value {
    color: var(--ink);
}

.dp-label {
    grid-area: label;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    line-height: 1.3;
    color: var(--ink);
}

.dp-label small {
    display: block;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    line-height: 1.35;
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

.dp-value {
    grid-area: value;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    line-height: 1.3;
    font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
    text-align: right;
    color: var(--ink-2);
}

.dp-value strong {
    color: var(--ink);
}

.dp-detail {
    display: block;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    line-height: 1.35;
    color: var(--ink-3);
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.dp-detail span + span {
    margin-left: 0.5rem;
}

.dp-value .dp-pair {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.35rem;
    margin-left: 0.7rem;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.dp-value .key {
    width: 9px;
    height: 9px;
}

.dp-value .key--ring {
    border-width: 2px;
}

.dp-track {
    grid-area: track;
    position: relative;
    height: 1.75rem;
    background-image:
        linear-gradient(var(--viz-axis), var(--viz-axis)),
        repeating-linear-gradient(to right, var(--viz-grid) 0 1px, transparent 1px 25%);
    background-size: 1px 100%, 100% 100%;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    box-shadow: inset -1px 0 0 var(--viz-grid);
}

.dp-ci,
.dp-link {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    height: 2px;
    margin-top: -1px;
    left: calc(var(--lo) * 1%);
    width: calc((var(--hi) - var(--lo)) * 1%);
    background: var(--mark);
    border-radius: 1px;
}

.dp-link {
    background: var(--viz-axis);
}

.dp-ci::before,
.dp-ci::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: -5px;
    width: 2px;
    height: 12px;
    background: var(--mark);
    border-radius: 1px;
}

.dp-ci::before {
    left: -1px;
}

.dp-ci::after {
    right: -1px;
}

.dp-dot {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: calc(var(--x) * 1%);
    width: 12px;
    height: 12px;
    margin: -6px 0 0 -6px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: var(--mark);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px var(--viz-surface);
}

.dp-dot--json {
    background: var(--viz-accent);
}

.dp-dot--text {
    background: var(--viz-surface);
    border: 2.5px solid var(--viz-blue);
}

.dotplot-grid {
    display: none;
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 1.6rem;
    left: calc(var(--label-w) + var(--gap));
    right: calc(var(--value-w) + var(--gap));
    pointer-events: none;
}

.dotplot-grid span {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    left: calc(var(--x) * 1%);
    width: 1px;
    background: var(--viz-grid);
}

.dotplot-grid span:first-child {
    background: var(--viz-axis);
}

.dotplot-axis {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    height: 1.6rem;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

.dotplot-axis .axis-ticks {
    position: relative;
    height: 100%;
}

.dotplot-axis .axis-ticks span {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0.35rem;
    left: calc(var(--x) * 1%);
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.dotplot-axis .axis-ticks span:first-child {
    transform: none;
}

.dotplot-axis .axis-ticks span:last-child {
    transform: translateX(-100%);
}

@media (min-width: 40rem) {
    .dotplot-row,
    .dotplot-axis {
        grid-template-columns: var(--label-w) minmax(0, 1fr) var(--value-w);
        column-gap: var(--gap);
    }

    .dotplot-row {
        grid-template-areas: "label track value";
        row-gap: 0;
        align-items: center;
        padding-block: 0.55rem;
    }

    .dotplot-axis .axis-ticks {
        grid-column: 2;
    }

    .dp-track {
        background: none;
        box-shadow: none;
    }

    .dotplot-grid {
        display: block;
    }

    .dp-detail span {
        display: block;
    }

    .dp-detail span + span {
        margin-left: 0;
    }

    .dp-value .dp-pair {
        display: flex;
        justify-content: flex-end;
        margin-left: 0;
    }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Tables
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.table-wrap {
    margin: 1.25rem 0 2rem;
    overflow-x: auto;
}

.data-table {
    width: 100%;
    border-collapse: collapse;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    line-height: 1.45;
}

.data-table caption {
    caption-side: bottom;
    padding-top: 0.6rem;
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
    color: var(--ink-3);
    text-align: left;
}

.data-table th,
.data-table td {
    padding: 0.55rem 0.75rem 0.55rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
    text-align: left;
    vertical-align: top;
}

.data-table thead th {
    font-size: 0.8125rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--ink-2);
    border-bottom-color: var(--rule-2);
}

.data-table .num {
    text-align: right;
    font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Research index and writing lists
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.entry-list {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.entry {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 0.35rem 2rem;
    padding: 1.4rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

@media (min-width: 48rem) {
    .entry {
        grid-template-columns: 10rem minmax(0, 1fr);
    }
}

.entry-kind {
    padding-top: 0.2rem;
    font: 500 0.75rem/1.4 var(--font-mono);
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

.entry-title {
    margin: 0 0 0.35rem;
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.entry-title a {
    text-decoration-color: var(--rule-2);
}

.entry-title a:hover {
    text-decoration-color: var(--accent);
}

.entry p {
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
    font-size: 0.975rem;
    color: var(--ink-2);
}

.entry p:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.entry .link-list {
    margin-top: 0.6rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.card {
    padding: 1.5rem;
    background: var(--surface);
    border: 1px solid var(--rule);
    border-radius: var(--radius);
}

.card > :last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.status {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.45rem;
    font: 500 0.75rem/1.4 var(--font-mono);
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--ink-2);
}

.status::before {
    content: "";
    width: 8px;
    height: 8px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 2px solid var(--accent);
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Work: case studies
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.case {
    padding-block: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3rem);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
    scroll-margin-top: 1rem;
}

.case:first-of-type {
    border-top: 0;
    padding-top: 0;
}

.case-title {
    max-width: 30ch;
    margin: 0.4rem 0 0;
    font-size: clamp(1.45rem, 1.2rem + 1vw, 1.9rem);
    line-height: 1.15;
}

.case-outcome {
    margin: 1rem 0 1.5rem;
    font: 600 clamp(1.4rem, 1.2rem + 0.8vw, 1.75rem)/1.2 var(--font-sans);
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.case-outcome span {
    display: block;
    margin-top: 0.3rem;
    font-size: 0.9375rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    letter-spacing: 0;
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

.case-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 1.25rem 2.5rem;
    margin: 0;
}

@media (min-width: 48rem) {
    .case-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
    }
}

.case-grid dt {
    margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
    font: 500 0.75rem/1.4 var(--font-mono);
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

.case-grid dd {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--ink-2);
}

.case-grid .span-all {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
}

.transfer {
    margin: 1.5rem 0 0;
    padding: 0.9rem 1.1rem;
    background: var(--wash);
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    font-size: 0.975rem;
    color: var(--ink-2);
}

.transfer strong {
    color: var(--ink);
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   CV, about and contact
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.cv-list {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

.cv-item {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 0.25rem 2rem;
    padding: 1.25rem 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

@media (min-width: 48rem) {
    .cv-item {
        grid-template-columns: 11rem minmax(0, 1fr);
    }
}

.cv-when {
    padding-top: 0.2rem;
    font: 500 0.8125rem/1.5 var(--font-mono);
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

.cv-role {
    margin: 0;
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1.22rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.cv-org {
    margin: 0.1rem 0 0.5rem;
    color: var(--ink-2);
}

.cv-item ul {
    margin: 0;
    padding-left: 1.15em;
    color: var(--ink-2);
}

.cv-item li {
    margin-bottom: 0.35em;
}

.two-col {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 2rem 3rem;
}

@media (min-width: 48rem) {
    .two-col {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
    }
}

.plain-list {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

.plain-list li {
    padding: 0.45rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.about-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 2.5rem;
}

@media (min-width: 56rem) {
    .about-grid {
        grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 15rem;
        column-gap: 4.5rem;
    }

    .about-grid .portrait {
        grid-column: 2;
        grid-row: 1;
    }
}

.portrait {
    max-width: 15rem;
    margin: 0;
}

.principles {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 1.5rem 2.5rem;
    margin: 1.5rem 0 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

@media (min-width: 48rem) {
    .principles {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
    }
}

.principles h3 {
    margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
}

.principles p {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--ink-2);
}

.contact-list {
    margin: 1.5rem 0 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.contact-list li {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 0.1rem 2rem;
    padding: 1rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

@media (min-width: 40rem) {
    .contact-list li {
        grid-template-columns: 8rem minmax(0, 1fr);
        align-items: baseline;
    }
}

.contact-list .label {
    font: 500 0.75rem/1.4 var(--font-mono);
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--ink-3);
}

.contact-list a {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

.contact-list .btn {
    display: flex;
    width: fit-content;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
}

/* Legal pages keep their text; this only sets a comfortable measure. */
.legal {
    max-width: 44rem;
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.65;
}

.legal h2 {
    margin: 2.5rem 0 0.75rem;
    font-size: 1.6rem;
}

.legal h3 {
    margin: 1.75rem 0 0.4rem;
    font: 600 1.05rem/1.4 var(--font-sans);
}

.legal p {
    margin-bottom: 0.6em;
}

.legal section + section {
    margin-top: 3rem;
    padding-top: 0.5rem;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.legal ul {
    padding-left: 1.2em;
}

.legal address {
    font-style: normal;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Print
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@media print {
    :root {
        --paper: #ffffff;
        --surface: #ffffff;
        --ink: #000000;
        --ink-2: #222222;
        --ink-3: #444444;
    }

    .site-nav,
    .site-footer,
    .skip-link,
    .toc,
    .actions,
    .cite .btn {
        display: none !important;
    }

    a {
        text-decoration: none;
    }

    .viz,
    .figure,
    .case,
    .cv-item {
        break-inside: avoid;
    }
}